Paragraph Length in Compositions and Reports

In composition, technical writing, and online writing, the term paragraph length refers to the number of sentences in a paragraph and the number of words in those sentences. There is no set or correct length for a paragraph. As discussed below, conventions about appropriate length vary from one form of writing to another and depend on various factors, including medium, topic, audience, and purpose. Simply put, a paragraph  should be as long or as short as it needs to be to develop a main idea.  As  Barry J. Rosenberg  says, Some paragraphs should weigh a skimpy two or three sentences, while others should weigh a robust seven or eight sentences. Both weights are equally healthy (Spring Into Technical Writing for Engineers and Scientists, 2005).   See Examples and Observations below. Also, see: The Invisible Mark of Punctuation: The Paragraph BreakCoherence and CohesionDevelopmentParagraph Break  and  ParagraphingSentence LengthUnity Examples and Observations Paragraph lengths, like sentence lengths, give an essay a kind of rhythm that readers can feel but that is hard to talk about . . .. A very short paragraph can be just the right kind of pause following a long and complex one. Or a series of paragraphs of about the same length can give the reader a very satisfying feeling of balance and proportion.(Diana Hacker and Betty Renshaw, Writing With a Voice, 2nd ed. Scott, Foresman, 1989)Paragraph Length in EssaysThere is no set rule about paragraph length. They can be long or short ..., though do note that both the shortest and the longest are rare and you should take care in their use. What works best is usually a mixture of longer and shorter paragraphs within the middle range. Aim to vary length rather than look for a set formula. . . . [A] paragraph [that] contains . . . 150 words . . . is probably about average for what would most often be used in an essay.(Jacqueline Connelly and Patrick Forsyth, Essay Writing Skills: Essential Techni ques to Gain Top Marks. Kogan Page Ltd., 2011)Dividing a Long Paragraph[S]ometimes you may discover that a particular point in your essay is so complex that your paragraph is growing far too long—well over a typed page, for instance. If this problem occurs, look for a logical place to divide your information and start a new paragraph. For example, you might see a convenient dividing point in a series of actions youre describing or a break in the chronology of a narrative or between explanations of arguments or examples. Just make sure you begin your next paragraph with some sort of transitional phrase or key words to let the reader know that you are still discussing the same point as before (Still another problem caused by the computers faulty memory circuit is . . .).(Jean Wyrick, Steps to Writing Well With Additional Readings, 8th ed. Wadsworth, 2011)Paragraph Length in Academic WritingParagraphs give readers a sense of where one unit ends and another begins, a sense of how the argument develops by moving from one topic to another. . . . Paragraphs let the reader digest one idea at a time without becoming overwhelmed.In modern academic writing, paragraphs are usually less than a page in length. But its rare to find many short paragraphs (of, say, less than four lines) in a row. A typical paragraph is roughly ten to twenty lines in length. But there will be variety. Short paragraphs are sometimes needed for other purposes besides laying out a component of the argument. For example, a transitional paragraph might be needed at a certain point in order to sum up all thats been established so far and to hint at where the argument will go from here.And sometimes short paragraphs can simply underscore a point.(Matthew Parfitt, Writing in Response. Bedford/St. Martins 2012)Paragraph Length in Business and Technical WritingQuantifying paragraph length is difficult, but in business and technical writing, paragraphs exceeding 100 to 125 words should be rare. Mos t paragraphs will consist of three to six sentences. If a single-spaced paragraph goes beyond one-third of a page, it is probably too long. A double-spaced paragraph should not exceed half a page in length.The documents format should influence paragraph length. If a document has narrow columns (two to three to the page), then paragraphs should be shorter, perhaps on the average of no more than 50 words. If a document uses a full-page format (one column), then average paragraph length can reach 125 words.Length is therefore a function of appearance and visual relief.(Stephen R. Covey, Style Guide for Business and Technical Communication, 5th ed. FT Press and Pearson Education, 2012)Paragraph Length in Online WritingIf the statistics are to be believed, by the end of this sentence, I’ll have lost most of you. Because according to some estimates, the average time spent on a webpage is 15 seconds. . .And so webmasters worldwide have launched an emergency austerity programme, prun ing, paring, compacting everything possible in a frantic attempt to spare our readers a few precious seconds. . . .The most obvious casualty of this economy drive is the venerable paragraph. . . .The internet . . . has exerted further downward pressure on paragraph length. Reading on a laptop screen or phone is slower and more fatiguing, and it’s harder to keep your place; inserting regular, clear breaks (complete lines rather than indentations) is one way to create a smoother reading experience.None of this is in dispute. But consider  this recent piece on the BBC website. With two exceptions, all the paragraphs in this story consist of precisely one sentence. . . .[O]ne reason, and one reason alone, is sufficient to justify the Save the Paragraph Campaign. Time was, when you came across a paragraph of one sentence, you knew it contained powerful stuff (in the writer’s view, at least). A short paragraph, coming after many long ones, could deliver a real punch.(Andy Bodle, Breaking Point: Is the Writing on the Wall for the Paragraph?. The Guardian, May 22, 2015)One-Sentence ParagraphsOccasionally, a one-sentence paragraph is acceptable if it is used as a transition between longer paragraphs or as a one-sentence introduction or conclusion in correspondence.(Gerald J. Alred, Charles T. Brusaw, and Walter E. Oliu, The Business Writers Handbook, 10th ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2012)Paragraph Length and ToneHow long is a paragraph?As short as that.Shorter.Or as long as it needs to be to cover a subject. . . .But there is a complication. Writing that aims to be inviting, like the writing in newspapers, popular magazines and books, uses shorter paragraphs than more ambitious and profound writing. New paragraphs are begun before a topic is exhausted.Anytime.For no reason at all.Because each new paragraph lightens the tone, encourages readers, offers a foothold down the page.When paragraphs are short, writing does seem easier. Less happily, it also seems disjointed and superficial—as though the writer cant concentrate on a subject.Thus paragraphing, like so much else, is a matter of tone. You want to have a proper paragraph length for your subject, your audience, and your degree of seriousness (or frivolity).(Bill Stott, Write to the Point. Anchor Press, 1984)

The Awful Side of Academic Essay

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Tiger Subspecies Essay Research Paper Tiger SubspeciesI free essay sample

Tiger Subspecies Essay, Research Paper Tiger SubspeciesI am here composing a study on the sub species of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. Many of these Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams will non last in the following 40 old ages due to the violent death that us worlds have caused. Tiger sub species have non been every bit of import to us worlds as whether or non the species Tiger Panthera Tigris can last either in the natural state or in imprisonment for the following 40 old ages. However a great trade of information on the hereafter of the tiger can be learned from a survey of races. Which is what my study will be based on. It is astonishing to me that people want Numberss of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. Procedure is the of import facet. If I say that the figure of Sumatra Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams today is between 300 and 400, it doesn # 8217 ; t state one that the 1975 nose count was 1500. We will write a custom essay sample on Tiger Subspecies Essay Research Paper Tiger SubspeciesI or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore stating that the Bali tiger, theCaspian tiger, the Javan tiger, the Manchurian tiger, and the Southwest Chinese tiger are now nonextant doesn # 8217 ; t give you aportrait of the procedure of extinction. The Javan tiger became nonextant in the 1970 # 8217 ; s in a set aside particular national park under full protection. Politicans and administrative officials seem to be obsessed with Numberss and non tendencies. Let me exemplify this with Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams. There are often petitions as to the exact figure of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, or a tiger subspecies left in the universe. That tells you that there are people that attention. But there are so small Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams left that we can non even maintain path of them. We should look at the tendency that the population is taking, instead than the figure as a piece in clip. Merely as you might state of a immature member of the Hunt household, that they were really affluent. A conjec tural person was 24 old ages o ld and had $ 1,000,000. What isn’tavailable in this one clip analysis was that this Hunt inherited $ 24,000,000 at age 21, has no instruction nor of all time worked. At age 22 Hunt had $ 9,000,000 and at 23 had $ 4,000,000. Now alternatively of stating Hunt was rich, we would state Hunt is in problem. Lttes are a great trade like Hunt. The estimations of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams are from the Carnivore Preservation Trust has arrived at their ain estimations ; they are extremely educated conjectures: Bengal Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams likely figure fewer than 1000 in India. In bulk of that state it is hopelessly fragmented. It is, overall, actively poached. Fewer than 200 exist in Nepal and under 1000 exist in Myammar ( Burma ) . Indochinese Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams are among 500 and 2000. CPT # 8217 ; s conjecture is about 700 amidst heavy poaching. In the early 1960ss when the South China tiger had apopulation of about 4,000, Mao instituted a tiger obliteration plan. After Mao # 8217 ; s decease in 1976, the South China tigerpopulation was reduced to 400. The Chinese authorities so instituted a # 8220 ; Save the Tiger Program! # 8221 ; South Chinese tiger isabout 25, but the wild figure is so inbred that the effectual population figure is more like four! The Siberian tiger numberis between 125 and 175. ( Closer to 125 harmonizing to the Russian scientist whowas enrolling for the geneticmanagement of the free ranging Siberian tiger plan in October 1995. ) We must make something to halt the extincian of one of our must beautiful animate beings. We have lost to many species of animate beings and we can non afford to lose any more. As we can see, at the rate that we are losing animate beings in the universe, reasonably shortly there are non traveling to be any left for us to bask.

TPN &Hypokalemia Essays - Medicine, Potassium,

TPN Hypokalemia Alys Latimer, Layla Mohamed, and Sandra Zheng what IS tpn? Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): Infusion of intravenous nutrition (macro- and micro- nutrients) Those with contraindications to oral dietary approach Specialized mixtures of amino acids, dextrose, lipid emulsions, electrolytes, vitamins and minerals Infused centrally into internal jugular or subclavian veins INDICATIONS: comatose, inadequate GI function, completebowel rest, and paediatric disorders ADVERSE COMPLICATIONS: infections, post-op wound complications, immune compromise, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, GI bleeding, etc. (Arya et al., 2013) What is hypokalemia? Hypokalemia: Normal Findings: 3.5 5.0 mEq/L Critical Values: 2.5 mEq/L Potassium (K+), important part of protein synthesis and maintenance of normal oncotic pressure and cellular electrical neutrality (Pagana Pagana, 2013) Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia Typically not present until Potassium levels are less than 3.0 mEq/L Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia are typically related to cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle weakness CARDIOVASCULAR: flattened T-wave and prominent U-wave, ST segment depression, conduction abnormalities, dysrhythmias, worsening hypertension, sudden death KIDNEY: polyuria, hypokalemic nephropathy, increased risk of nephrolithiasis, and chloride-depletion metabolic alkalosis CNS/NEUROMUSCULOSKELETAL: fatigue, malaise, hyporeflexia, weakness, cramps, paralysis, myalgia, and rhabdomyolysis GI TRACT: Constipation, vomiting, prolonged gastric emptying, paralytic ileus, anorexia, worsening hepatic encephalopathy GU TRACT: hypotonic bladder PULMONARY: respiratory acidosis, respiratory failure ENDOCRINE: insulin resistance and impairment in insulin release (Asmar et al., 2012; Elgart, 2004; Pagana Pagana, 2013) How to treat hypokalemia? Treatment Options: GOAL: identifying definitive cause of hypokalemia, prevent the development of life-threatening consequences, and correct any potassium deficit which avoiding hyperkalemia MILD MODERATE HYPOKALEMIA (3.0 3.5 MEQ/L): Treat underlying disorder if possible Treat with 60 80 mEq/d of KCl via PO in divided doses Reassess serum potassium concentration after replacement therapy and adjust accordingly SEVERE HYPOKALEMIA ( 3.0 MEQ/L): Preferred: 40 mEq/d of KCl via PO q3-4h TID Reassess serum potassium concentration after replacement therapy and adjust accordingly If necessary: 10 20 mEq/h of KCl via IV (in setting of cardiac arrhythmias, recent or ongoing cadiac ischemia, and digitalis toxicity Continuous cardiac monitoring is mandatory Reassess serum potassium concentration q2-4h (ensure that serum potassium concentration is 3.5 mEq/L) (Asmar et al., 2012) Thank you References: Asmar, A., Mohandas, R., Wingo, C.S. (2012). A physiologic-based approach to the treatment of a patient with hypokalemia. American Journal of Kidney Diseases: The Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 60(3), 492 497. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031 Arya, I. N., Shah, B., Arya, S., Dronavalli, S., Karthikenyan, N. (2013). A review of literature on modern parenteral nutrition. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2(4), 801 806. doi: 10.5455/jimsph.2013.030920131 Elgart, H. N. (2004). Assessment of fluids and electrolytes. AACN Clinical Issues, 15(4). 607-621. Retrieved from: https://learn.humber.ca/bbcswebdav/pid-4534008-dt-content-rid 24071933_1/courses/1528.201750/Assessment%20of%20Fluids%20and.pdf Pagana, K. D., Pagana, T. J. (2013). Mosbys Canadian manual of diagnostic and laboratory tests (First Canadian ed.). Toronto, ON: Elsevier Canada

Totto-Chan a Little Girl Sitting by the Window Essay Example

Totto Totto-Chan a Little Girl Sitting by the Window Paper Totto-Chan a Little Girl Sitting by the Window Paper Essay Topic: Rear Window It is a diary of the author named Outsets Groaning who also has a lovely nickname Toto-chain. The word diary maybe not as exact as the one memoirs because she wrote this book base on her memory since she was a child. Call her Toto-chain (it Is much easier than reading her full name). Reading this book makes me admire her a lot although at that time she was only a little girl. If you read this book I bet you will be surprised a lot because of her thought and behavior. How simple and mature (Included Immature) she Is. Let have a read and see the way she treated everyone around her, the way she faced and reflected all the events In that period. Everything was described with the simple words Like a story of a primary- girl, but they are very attractive and you can easily Image the whole picture of Japan at that time. Toothache was an active and clever child. She could spend several hours to tell her favorite stories or to play anything she loved to. Toothache was expelled from her first primary school because she always made noise to be paid attention, she liked to do everything herself naturally (of course every teachers Hough that was wrong and Toto-chain was out of rule). Toots;-chain moved to the new primary one named Tome Gangue where she met Mr.. Sickbays, an admirable headmaster. At that time, Mr.. Sickbays was said to be a model teacher because of his strange education method (of course he was going on the right way but not too many parents believed in his program so that Tome had only fifty pupils). He spent a lot of time to go to many countries all over the world to study and find the most suitable method to apply in his country, his school. He knew that teaching children in primary level was synonymous with showing them how to improve their good heartsickness. At school Tome, all of the pupils were never offered doing something strictly. Mr.. Sickbays created the best condition for them to express themselves naturally. No subjects were forced, children completely could study whatever they want. The teachers work was helping them when they need. Toto-chain and other pupils In Tome all loved the headmaster with a bald head. Toto-chain had the strong Impression on Mr.. Sickbays because on the 1st day she moved to this school, he was the only one sitting in nearly 4 hours to hear all her analogical stories no louts could be patient like that. School Tome Gangue was built by the old railroad cars. If I were a child at the same time with Toto-chain, I would Like to study In this special school. Looking at Tome, It realized everyone a train moving In the autumn sunshine, It satisfied the curiousness of the pupils and excited their creation. Toto- chain was a little girl, everything happened around her was realized with a simple mind. She always took care on everyone around her, from her family, her classmates, even her chickens, her dog Rocky by a simple way but moving. Each pupil in Tome ad a tree to watered, Toothache had one and she loved to climb on the tree and see so far away to image Osaka city. Yashmak-chain was a disable children who was one of the Toothaches classmates. He was paralytic and could not move easily. Rearing ten part wanly scarred lotto-can Nellie Yashmak-can to calms on near tree, to show him Where was Osaka city? was very touching (This book has only 60 short parts. And in part 56, Yashmak-chain died because of his disease. In part 59, Toto-chain lost Rocky, a dog, a close friend of her. I hate these parts of looses >

Developing an Implementation Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Developing an Implementation Plan - Essay Example Also, in order to attract support from staff members, lobbying will be applied as necessary. Description of the Current Problem Requiring Change People have used exercise in as a measure against coronary heart disease. However how effective exercise is in reducing the risk of suffering coronary heart disease is still at question? Exercise has been known to be an important component in the well-being of any individual. Most studies have suggested that exercise is very crucial in the prevention of most life’s problems and keeping the body in its optimal condition. Despite its eminent benefits, exercise can be detrimental if done wrongly. However, in cases of cardiovascular disease, controversies have risen on the amount of exercise required to prevent this risk and treat patients with this condition. The current United States guidelines recommend that adults should seek at least moderate-level exercise for more than or equal to 150 minutes per week, that is, 30 minutes in a day for five days in a week. Though this is the recommended time to achieve the best from exercise, several studies have suggested different times for performing exercise. Thus, the change proposed is that it must be ensured that the individual gets optimal exercise depended on the severity of the problem, age, and gender. For instance, a study found that brisk walking more than ten blocks away in a day reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease in women. It is also suggested that different forms of exercise should be adopted for various people. Detailed Explanation of the Proposed Solution Optimal exercise activity is crucial for the well-being of any individual. However, not at all times will the recommended time for exercise work for individuals. Most individuals are of the notion that exercise should be intense to obtain the best from the exercise. However, this is not true in all cases and thus the notion should be disregarded. In the case of patients with cardiovascular disease, t he severity of the condition, age, and gender will determine the amount of exercise to be done by the individual. Thus, this statement defeats the notion that exercise should at least be done for 30 minutes in a day for five days in a week. In this sense, the individual should exercise based on the severity of their condition, age, and gender. What this means is that every patient suffering from coronary should not be subjected to over exercise. Performing strenuous exercises may result in greater damage than good as stated by different experts. In a bid to establish the extent to which exercise can be useful to coronary heart disease patients, a survey will be conducted. The survey will seek to establish the kinds of exercises that the patients do regularly and how long they engage in the activities. Furthermore, the survey will seek to establish how they feel after the exercises and the notable health benefits that they gain thereafter. The respondents will comprise patients suffe ring from coronary heart disease, individuals of either gender randomly drawn from the hospital’s population. In addition to conducting a survey, interviews will be conducted with respondents being health experts directly dealing with the patients. The interviews will involve asking the respondents about the effects of exercise that patients undertake with due respect to the extent of the activity. Essentially, the study will help in

Discuss the US immigration problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discuss the US immigration problem - Essay Example Since we already have a great number of illegal workers, it seems to me that the best solution for them is to have equal rights and obligations to those the US citizens have, as well as legalization of their status in the country. I take this position due to the fact that many US industries and manufactures greatly depend on the immigrants’ labor. However, this should be applied only to those who showed to follow our laws and live in peace with the nation, who have jobs, and are to become valued members of our society. Besides, such a step can be taken only after a profound analysis of the current situation is performed. If some are to be deported, this should not negatively influence our economy. On the other hand, I believe, there should be taken measured for complete reducing of the illegal workers’ inflow. In my opinion the government should take care of enforcing the existing land borders as well as immigration laws so that our borders are crossed only legally, and only by people whom our employers really need. Therefore, while I insist on a complete restriction of borders and immigration laws, I believe, those already working in the US must be given a right to stay in order to become the equal members of the